Journal Article
A Data-Driven Greenhouse Gas Emission Rate Analysis for Vehicle Comparisons
2022-04-13
Abstract The technology focus in the automotive sector has moved toward battery electric vehicles (BEVs) over the last few years. This shift has been ascribed to the importance of reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from transportation to mitigate the effects of climate change. In Europe, countries are proposing future bans on vehicles with internal combustion engines (ICEs), and individual United States (U.S.) states have followed suit. An important component of these complex decisions is the electricity generation GHG emission rates both for current electric grids and future electric grids. In this work we use 2019 U.S. electricity grid data to calculate the geographically and temporally resolved marginal emission rates that capture the real-world carbon emissions associated with present-day utilization of the U.S. grid for electric vehicle (EV) charging or any other electricity need.